Lista de impérios

Esta é uma lista de navegação de impérios.

Impérios

Império Data de início Data de fim Duração (anos)
Império Aquemênida[1] -550 -330 220
Império Afexárida[2] 1736 1796 60
Império Acádio[3] -2334 -2154 180
Akwamu[4] 1629 1867 238
Estados Unidos da América[5] (debatido)[6] 1776 presente 249
Império Angevino[7] 1154 1242 88
Confederação do Cordeiro Branco[8] 1467[8] 1508[8] 41
Império Armênio de Tigranes, o Grande[9] -89[10] -55[10] 34
Império Axânti[11] 1670 1902 232
Império Aulicara[12] 528 550 22
Áustria-Hungria[13] 1867 1918 51
Império Austríaco[14] 1804 1867 63
Canato Ávaro[15] 567 822 255
Reino de Aiutaia[16] 1351 1767 416
Império Asteca[17] 1325 1521 196
Antigo Império Babilônico[18] -1894[19][20] -1595 299
Império Neobabilônico[21] -626 -539 87
Império Bamana[22] 1712 1861 149
Império colonial belga[23] 1908 1962 55
Reino do Benim[24] 1180 1897 717
Império do Brasil[25] 1822 1889 67
Império da Britânia[26] 286 296 10
Império Britânico[27] 1583 1997 414
Raj Britânico[28] 1858 1947 89
Sultanato de Brunei[29] 1368 1888 520
Antiga Grande Bulgária[30] 632 668 36
Primeiro Império Búlgaro[31] 681 1018 337
Segundo Império Búlgaro[32] 1185 1396 211
Império Bizantino[32] 395 1453 1058
Império Carolíngio[33] 800 888 88
Império Cartaginês[34] -814 -146 668
Império Centro-Africano[35] 1976 1979 3
Chenla[carece de fontes?] 550 802 252
Reino de Chimú[36] 900 1470 570
República Popular da China[37][38] 1949 presente 76
Império Chola[39] 848 1279 431
Império Ateniense[40] 454 BC 404 BC 50
Império colonial dinamarquês[41] 1536 1953 417
Império Durrani[42] 1747 1842 95
Império colonial holandês[43] 1595 1975 380
Canato Dzungar[44] 1634 1758 124
Império de Carlos V[45] 1519 1556 37
Novo Reino do Egito[46] -1550 -1077 473
Império Elamita[47] -1210 -1100 110
Império Etíope[48] 1270 1974 704
Primeiro Império Francês[49] 1804 1815 11
Segundo Império Francês[50] 1852 1870 18
Império colonial francês[51] 1534 1814 280
1830 1980 150
Reino de Funan[52] 50 550 500
Império Gálico[53] 260 274 14
Império de Gaza[54] 1824 1895 71
Império colonial alemão[55] 1884 1920 36
Império Alemão[56] 1871 1919 48

Império Alemão (1848–1849)

1848 1849 1
Império de Gana[57] 830 1235 405
Império Gaznévida[58] 977 1186 209
Goguryeo[59] -37 668 705
Goryeo[60] 918 1392 474
Horda Dourada[61] 1240 1502 262
Grão-Ducado da Lituânia[62] 1236 1795 559
Império do Grande Fulo[carece de fontes?] 1512 1776 264
Império Gupta[63] 320 550 230
Monarquia de Habsburgo[64] 1282 1918 636
Primeiro Império do Haiti[65] 1804 1806 2
Segundo Império do Haiti[66] 1849 1859 10
Dinastia Han[67] 202 BC 220 AD 422
Império Heftalita[68] 440 560 120
Império Hitita[69] -1600 -1178 422
Sacro Império Romano[70] 800/962 1806 1006/844
Reino Hoysala[71] 1026 1343 317
Império Huno[72] 370 469 99
União Ibérica[73] 1580 1640 60
Ilcanato[61] 1256 1335 79
Império Inca[74] 1438 1572 134
Império Italiano[75] 1882 1960 78
Império do Japão[76] 1868 1947 79
Dinastia Jin (266–420)[77] 266 420 154
Dinastia Jin (1115–1234)[78] 1115 1234 119
Império Jolof[79] 1350 1549 199
Kaabu[80] 1537 1867 330
Império Kanem–Bornu[81] c. 700 1893 1193
Império Khmer[82] 802 1431 629
Império Corásmio[83] 1077 1231 154
Reino da Geórgia[84] 1008 1490 482
Império Kong[85] 1710 1898 188
Império coreano[86] 1897 1910 13
Império Cuchana[67] 30 345 315
Reino de Cuxe[87] -780 350 1130
Império latino[88] 1204 1261 57
Dinastia Liao[78] 907 1125 218
Macedônio[89] -808 -148 660
Majapahit[90] 1293 1527 234
Império do Mali[80] 1235 1670 435
Confederação Maratha[91] 1674 1818 144
Império de Massina[92] 1820 1862 42
Império Máuria[47] -321 -185 136
Reino Médio (disputado)[93] -678 -550 128
Primeiro Império Mexicano[94] 1821 1823 2
Segundo Império Mexicano[95] 1864 1867 3
Império Assírio Médio[96] -1363[96] -1056[96] 307
Dinastia Ming[97] 1368 1644 276
Império Mongol[98] 1206 1368 162
Grande Morávia[33] 833 907 74
Império Mogol[91] 1526 1857 331
Império Nanda[99] -345 -321 24
Alemanha Nazista[100] 1933 1945 12
Reino do Nepal[101] 1768 2008 240
Império Neoassírio[102] -911[102] -609[102] 302
Império Neosumério[103] -2112 -2004 108
Império do Mar do Norte[104] 1013 1042 29
Império de Niceia[84] 1204 1261 57
Reino Odrysiano[105] -480 -30 450
Império de Omã[106] 1696 1856 158
Reino Ostrogótico[107] 493 553 60
Império Otomano[108] 1299 1922 623
Império de Oió[109] 1300 1896 596
Reino de Pagã[110] 849 1287 438
Império Pala[111] 750 1161 411
Império de Palmira[112] 270 273 3
Império Parta[46] -247 224 471
Reino do Ponto[113] -281 62 342
Império Português[74] 1415 1999 584
Reino Ptolomaico[114] -305 -30 275
Império Purépecha[115] 1300 1530[116] 230
Canato Caraquitai[117] 1124 1218 94
Dinastia Qing[118] 1644 1912 268
Reino de Rattanakosin (1782–1932)[119] 1782 1932 150
Império Romano[72] -27 395 422
Império Rozvi[120] 1660 1866 206
Império Russo[44] 1721 1917 196
Irã Safávida[121] 1501 1736 235
Império de Samo[122] 631 658 27
Império Sassânida[46] 224 651 427
Império Samânida[123] 819 999 180
Império Selêucida[124] -312 -63 249
Império Seljúcida[125] 1037 1194 157
Império Sérvio[126] 1346 1371 25
Shu Han[carece de fontes?] 221 263 42
Império Sique[127] 1799 1849 50
Singassari[carece de fontes?] 1222 1292 70
Dinastia Song[78] 960 1279 319
Império Songai[92] 1464 1591 127
União Soviética[128][129][130] (debatido)[131] 1922 1991 68
Império Espanhol[74] 1492 1976 496
Império Sunga[132] -185 -73 112
Império Sur[133] 1540 1556 16
Império Sueco[134] 1523 1809 286
Dinastia Tang[97] 618 907 289
Dinastia Tây Sơn[carece de fontes?] 1778 1802 24
Império de Tessalônica[84] 1224 1242 18
Império Tibetano[135] 755 842 87
Império Timúrida[136] 1370 1507 137
Império de Trebizonda[84] 1204 1461 257
Império Tolteca[137] 496 1122 626
Império Tu'i Tonga[138] 950 1865 915
Império Tuculor[139] 1852 1893 41
Primeiro Canato Turco[140] 551 744 193
império do Vietnã[141] março de 1945 agosto de 1945 0 (5 meses)
Império Vijaianagara[47] 1336 1646 310
Império Wari[142] 600 1100 500
Império de Uassulu[143] 1878 1898 20
Império Chaluquia Ocidental[144] 975 1184 209
Império Romano do Ocidente[72] 395 476 81
Dinastia Yuan[98] 1260 1368 108
Dinastia Zhou (Chou)[145] -1046 -256 790

Ver também

Referências

  1. Colburn, Henry P. (2013). «Connectivity and Communication in the Achaemenid Empire». Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 56 (1): 29–52. ISSN 0022-4995 
  2. Pickett, James (2016). «Nadir Shah's Peculiar Central Asian Legacy: Empire, Conversion Narratives, and the Rise of New Scholarly Dynasties». International Journal of Middle East Studies. 48 (3): 491–510. ISSN 0020-7438 
  3. Gibbons, Ann (1993). «How the Akkadian Empire Was Hung Out to Dry». Science. 261 (5124): 985–985. ISSN 0036-8075 
  4. Wilks, Ivor (1957). «The Rise of the Akwamu Empire, 1650-1710». Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana. 3 (2): 25–62. ISSN 0855-3246 
  5. Predefinição:Bulletedlist
  6. Predefinição:Bulletedlist
  7. Hollister, C. Warren; Keefe, Thomas K. (1973). «The Making of the Angevin Empire». Journal of British Studies. 12 (2): 1–25. ISSN 0021-9371 
  8. a b c Woods, John E. (1999). The Aqquyunlu Clan, Confederation, Empire (em inglês). [S.l.]: University of Utah Press. 10 páginas. ISBN 9780874805659 
  9. Bedoukian, Paul (1970). «A Coin of Tigranes the Great of Armenia, Struck in Commagene». The Numismatic Chronicle. 10: 19–22. ISSN 0078-2696 
  10. a b Magill, Frank N. (2003). The Ancient World: Dictionary of World Biography (em inglês). [S.l.]: Routledge. 1180 páginas. ISBN 978-1-135-45740-2 
  11. Aidoo, Agnes A. (1977). «Order and Conflict in the Asante Empire: A Study in Interest Group Relations». African Studies Review. 20 (1): 1–36. ISSN 0002-0206. doi:10.2307/523860 
  12. Dwivedi, Gautam N. (1966). «The Date and Identity of Yasodharman-Visnuvardhana». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 45–50. ISSN 2249-1937 
  13. Wargelin, Clifford F. (1997). «A High Price for Bread: The First Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and the Break-up of Austria-Hungary, 1917-1918». The International History Review. 19 (4): 757–788. ISSN 0707-5332 
  14. Auty, R. (1958). «The Linguistic Revival among the Slavs of the Austrian Empire, 1780-1850: The Role of Individuals in the Codification and Acceptance of New Literary Languages». The Modern Language Review. 53 (3): 392–404. ISSN 0026-7937. doi:10.2307/3719062 
  15. Szabados, György (2018). «Magyar – A Name for Persons, Places, Communities». The Hungarian Historical Review. 7 (1): 82–97. ISSN 2063-8647 
  16. Marcinkowski, M. Ismail (2002). «The Iranian-Siamese Connection: An Iranian Community in the Thai Kingdom of Ayutthaya». Iranian Studies. 35 (1/3): 23–46. ISSN 0021-0862 
  17. Smith, Michael E.; Berdan, Frances F. (1992). «Archaeology and the Aztec Empire». World Archaeology. 23 (3): 353–367. ISSN 0043-8243 
  18. Mallowan, Max (1972). «Cyrus the Great (558-529 B.C.)». Iran. 10: 1–17. ISSN 0578-6967. doi:10.2307/4300460 
  19. «Aliraqi - Babylonian Empire». Consultado em 21 de fevereiro de 2015. Arquivado do original em 21 de fevereiro de 2015 
  20. «Babylonian Empire - Livius» 
  21. Sandowicz, Małgorzata (2015). «More on the End of the Neo-Babylonian Empire». Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 74 (2): 197–210. ISSN 0022-2968. doi:10.1086/682337 
  22. Blier, Suzanne Preston (2004). «African Creation Myths as Political Strategy». African Arts. 37 (1): 39–94. ISSN 0001-9933 
  23. Stanard, Matthew G. (2014). «Belgium, the Congo, and Imperial Immobility: A Singular Empire and the Historiography of the Single Analytic Field». French Colonial History. 15: 87–110. ISSN 1539-3402. doi:10.14321/frencolohist.15.2014.0087 
  24. Akintoye, S. A. (1969). «The North-Eastern Yoruba Districts and the Benin Kingdom». Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria. 4 (4): 539–553. ISSN 0018-2540 
  25. Bethell, Leslie (2018), «Britain and Brazil (1808–1914)», ISBN 978-1-908857-54-5, University of London Press, Brazil: Essays on History and Politics, pp. 57–92, consultado em 12 de março de 2025 
  26. Tandon, Pankaj (2010). «Ancient Hoards». The Numismatic Chronicle. 170: 407–431. ISSN 0078-2696 
  27. Firth, C. H. (1918). «The British Empire». The Scottish Historical Review. 15 (59): 185–189. ISSN 0036-9241 
  28. Richards, John F. (2002). «Opium and the British Indian Empire: The Royal Commission of 1895». Modern Asian Studies. 36 (2): 375–420. ISSN 0026-749X 
  29. Hamzah, Abu Bakar (1989). «BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: Continuity and Tradition». Southeast Asian Affairs: 91–104. ISSN 0377-5437 
  30. Setton, Kenneth M. (1950). «The Bulgars in the Balkans and the Occupation of Corinth in the Seventh Century». Speculum. 25 (4): 502–543. ISSN 0038-7134. doi:10.2307/2849381 
  31. Bogdanović, Jelena (2016), Bogdanović, Jelena; Christie, Jessica Joyce; Guzmán, Eulogio, eds., «The Relational Spiritual Geopolitics of Constantinople, the Capital of the Byzantine Empire», ISBN 978-1-60732-468-3, University Press of Colorado, Political Landscapes of Capital Cities, pp. 97–154, consultado em 13 de março de 2025 
  32. a b Wolff, Robert Lee (1949). «The `Second Bulgarian Empire.' Its Origin and History to 1204». Speculum. 24 (2): 167–206. ISSN 0038-7134. doi:10.2307/2848560 
  33. a b Reuter, Timothy (1985). «Plunder and Tribute in the Carolingian Empire». Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 35: 75–94. ISSN 0080-4401. doi:10.2307/3679177 
  34. Winterer, Caroline (2010). «Model Empire, Lost City: Ancient Carthage and the Science of Politics in Revolutionary America». The William and Mary Quarterly. 67 (1): 3–30. ISSN 0043-5597. doi:10.5309/willmaryquar.67.1.3 
  35. O'Toole, Thomas (1982). «"Made in France": The Second Central African Republic». Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society. 6/7: 136–146. ISSN 0362-7055 
  36. Cutright, Robyn E. (2015). «Eating Empire in the Jequetepeque: A Local View of Chimú Expansion on the North Coast of Peru». Latin American Antiquity. 26 (1): 64–86. ISSN 1045-6635 
  37. Eyraud, Henri (1 de março de 2004). «Ross Terrill, The New Chinese Empire — and what it means for the United States». China Perspectives (em francês). 2004 (2). ISSN 2070-3449. doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.809 
  38. Keane, John; He, Baogang (7 de maio de 2024), «China's New Empire Defined», ISBN 978-0-19-762911-6 1st ed. , Oxford University Press, China's Galaxy Empire (em inglês), pp. 1–94, doi:10.1093/oso/9780197629116.003.0001, consultado em 12 de dezembro de 2025 
  39. Vanamamalai, N. (1974). «State and Religion in the Chola Empire: Taxation for Thanjavur Temple's Music and Dance». Social Scientist. 3 (3): 26–42. ISSN 0970-0293. doi:10.2307/3516369 
  40. Pritchard, David M. (2015). «Public Finance and War in Ancient Greece». Greece & Rome. 62 (1): 48–59. ISSN 0017-3835 
  41. Marquardt, Frank (2019). «"Distinguishing ourselves from the other Religions": Confessional Conflicts and Their Influence on the Early Moravian Danish West Indies Mission». Journal of Moravian History. 19 (2): 133–155. ISSN 1933-6632. doi:10.5325/jmorahist.19.2.0133 
  42. Ahady, Anwar-ul-Haq (1995). «The Decline of the Pashtuns in Afghanistan». Asian Survey. 35 (7): 621–634. ISSN 0004-4687. doi:10.2307/2645419 
  43. Van Welie, Rik (2008). «Slave Trading and Slavery in the Dutch Colonial Empire: A Global Comparison». NWIG: New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids. 82 (1/2): 47–96. ISSN 1382-2373 
  44. a b Miyawaki, Junko (1992). «The Chinggisid Principle in Russia». Russian History. 19 (1/4): 261–277. ISSN 0094-288X 
  45. Hamilton, Thomas J. (1944). «Spanish Dreams of Empire». Foreign Affairs. 22 (3): 458–468. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20029841 
  46. a b c Brundage, Burr C. (1949). «The Ancient Near East as History». The American Historical Review. 54 (3): 530–547. ISSN 0002-8762. doi:10.2307/1843006 
  47. a b c McAlpin, David W. (1981). «Proto-Elamo-Dravidian: The Evidence and Its Implications». Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 71 (3): 1–155. ISSN 0065-9746. doi:10.2307/1006352 
  48. Gebissa, Ezekiel (2002). «The Italian Invasion, the Ethiopian Empire, and Oromo Nationalism: The Significance of the Western Oromo Confederation of 1936». Northeast African Studies. 9 (3): 75–96. ISSN 0740-9133 
  49. Dwyer, Philip G. (2010). «Napoleon and the Foundation of the Empire». The Historical Journal. 53 (2): 339–358. ISSN 0018-246X 
  50. Schnerb, Robert (1936). «Napoleon III and the Second French Empire». The Journal of Modern History. 8 (3): 338–355. ISSN 0022-2801 
  51. Tate, H. R. (1940). «The French Colonial Empire». Journal of the Royal African Society. 39 (157): 322–330. ISSN 0368-4016 
  52. Hall, Kenneth R. (1984). «Small Asian Nations in the Shadow of the Large: Early Asian History through the Eyes of Southeast Asia». Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 27 (1): 56–88. ISSN 0022-4995. doi:10.2307/3631937 
  53. Drinkwater, J. F. (1974). «Coin Hoards and the Chronology of the Gallic Emperors». Britannia. 5: 293–302. ISSN 0068-113X. doi:10.2307/525733 
  54. Rodney, Walter (1971). «The Year 1895 in Southern Mozambique: African Resistance to the Imposition of European Colonial Rule». Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria. 5 (4): 509–536. ISSN 0018-2540 
  55. Henderson, W. O. (1935). «HISTORICAL REVISION: LXXIX.—The German Colonial Empire, 1884–1918». History. 20 (78): 151–158. ISSN 0018-2648 
  56. Berghahn, Volker R. (2002). «The German Empire, 1871-1914: Reflections on the Direction of Recent Research». Central European History. 35 (1): 75–81. ISSN 0008-9389 
  57. Goodwin, A. J. H. (1957). «The Medieval Empire of Ghana». The South African Archaeological Bulletin. 12 (47): 108–112. ISSN 0038-1969. doi:10.2307/3886971 
  58. Khan, Zahoor Ali (2000). «Afghanistan and Northwestern India in the Eleventh Century Mapping the Ghaznavid Empire». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 61: 262–266. ISSN 2249-1937 
  59. 신형식 (2003). 高句麗史 (em coreano). [S.l.]: Ewha Womans University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-8973005284. Consultado em 12 de setembro de 2017 
  60. 강효백 (11 de dezembro de 2020). «[강효백의 新 아방강역고-7] 고려는 황제국 스모킹건12(3)». Aju Business Daily (em coreano). Consultado em 22 de agosto de 2024 
  61. a b Halperin, Charles J. (1983). «Russia in The Mongol Empire in Comparative Perspective». Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 43 (1): 239–261. ISSN 0073-0548. doi:10.2307/2719023 
  62. Swianiewicz, Stanisław (1982). «The University of Wilno in Historical Perspective». The Polish Review. 27 (1/2): 29–46. ISSN 0032-2970 
  63. Dwivedi, Gautam N. (1973). «The Western Limits of the Gupta Empire». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 34: 76–79. ISSN 2249-1937 
  64. Sked, Alan (1981). «Historians, the Nationality Question, and the Downfall of the Habsburg Empire». Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 31: 175–193. ISSN 0080-4401. doi:10.2307/3679051 
  65. Getachew, Adom (2016). «Universalism After the Post-colonial Turn: Interpreting the Haitian Revolution». Political Theory. 44 (6): 821–845. ISSN 0090-5917 
  66. Baur, John E. (1949). «Faustin Soulouque, Emperor of Haiti His Character and His Reign». The Americas. 6 (2): 131–166. ISSN 0003-1615. doi:10.2307/978436 
  67. a b Liu, Xinru (2001). «Migration and Settlement of the Yuezhi-Kushan: Interaction and Interdependence of Nomadic and Sedentary Societies». Journal of World History. 12 (2): 261–292. ISSN 1045-6007 
  68. Felföldi, Szabolcs (2001). «A Prominent Hephthalite: Katulph and the Fall of the Hephthalite Empire». Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 54 (2/3): 191–202. ISSN 0001-6446 
  69. «The Hittite Empire». The Old Testament Student. 4 (5): 227–228. 1885. ISSN 0190-5945 
  70. Wilson, Peter H. (2008). «Prussia's Relations with the Holy Roman Empire, 1740-1786». The Historical Journal. 51 (2): 337–371. ISSN 0018-246X 
  71. Kumar, B. Pandu (2006). «Agrarian System of the Hoysalas: As Depiction in the Inscriptions». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 67: 217–223. ISSN 2249-1937 
  72. a b c Heather, Peter (1995). «The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western Europe». The English Historical Review. 110 (435): 4–41. ISSN 0013-8266 
  73. Montcher, Fabien (2017). «Early Modern Bibliopolitics: From a Seventeenth-Century Roman-Iberian Perspective». Pacific Coast Philology. 52 (2): 206–218. ISSN 0078-7469. doi:10.5325/pacicoasphil.52.2.0206 
  74. a b c Borucki, Alex; Eltis, David; Wheat, David (2015). «Atlantic History and the Slave Trade to Spanish America». The American Historical Review. 120 (2): 433–461. ISSN 0002-8762 
  75. Sbacchi, Alberto (1998). «The Archives of the Consolata Mission and the Formation of the Italian Empire, 1913-1943». History in Africa. 25: 319–340. ISSN 0361-5413. doi:10.2307/3172192 
  76. Yao, Tsun-Hsiung; Sun, Chu-Yu; Lin, Pin-Chang (2013). «Modern Design in Taiwan: The Japanese Period, 1895-1945». Design Issues. 29 (3): 38–51. ISSN 0747-9360 
  77. Corradini, Piero (2006). «The Barbarian States in North China». Central Asiatic Journal. 50 (2): 163–232. ISSN 0008-9192 
  78. a b c Kim, Alexander (2011). «On the Origin of the Jurchen People (A Study Based on Russian Sources)». Central Asiatic Journal. 55 (2): 165–176. ISSN 0008-9192 
  79. Elbl, Ivana (1991). «The Horse in Fifteenth-Century Senegambia». The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 24 (1): 85–110. ISSN 0361-7882. doi:10.2307/220094 
  80. a b Wright, Donald R. (1985). «Beyond Migration and Conquest: Oral Traditions and Mandinka Ethnicity in Senegambia». History in Africa. 12: 335–348. ISSN 0361-5413. doi:10.2307/3171727 
  81. Igboin, Benson Ohihon (2014). «Boko Haram Radicalism and National Insecurity: Beyond Normal Politics». Journal of Religion and Violence. 2 (1): 94–121. ISSN 2159-6808 
  82. Welch, David J. (1998). «Archaeology of Northeast Thailand in Relation to the Pre-Khmer and Khmer Historical Records». International Journal of Historical Archaeology. 2 (3): 205–233. ISSN 1092-7697 
  83. Farrokh, Kaveh; Khorasani, Manouchehr Moshtagh (2012). «The Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire: The fierce resistance of Jalal-e Din». Medieval Warfare. 2 (3): 43–49. ISSN 2211-5129 
  84. a b c d Eastmond, Antony (2003). «"Local" Saints, Art, and Regional Identity in the Orthodox World after the Fourth Crusade». Speculum. 78 (3): 707–749. ISSN 0038-7134 
  85. Opasina, Oladapo Kayode (2016). «Traditional Institutions and the Challenge of Modernity in Nigeria and Côte D'ivoire». International Journal on World Peace. 33 (2): 43–75. ISSN 0742-3640 
  86. Kim, Nora Hui-Jung (2013). «Flexible Yet Inflexible: Development of Dual Citizenship in South Korea». The Journal of Korean Studies (1979-). 18 (1): 7–28. ISSN 0731-1613 
  87. Burstein, Stanley M. (2008). «When Greek Was an African Language: The Role of Greek Culture in Ancient and Medieval Nubia». Journal of World History. 19 (1): 41–61. ISSN 1045-6007 
  88. Lee Wolff, Robert (1944). «The Latin Empire of Constantinople and the Franciscans». Traditio. 2: 213–237. ISSN 0362-1529 
  89. Willi, Andreas (2009). «Whose is Macedonia, Whose is Alexander?». The Classical Journal. 105 (1): 59–64. ISSN 0009-8353. doi:10.5184/00098353.105.1.59 
  90. Noorduyn, J. (1978). «Majapahit in the Fifteenth Century». Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 134 (2/3): 207–274. ISSN 0006-2294 
  91. a b Gordon, Stewart N. (1977). «The Slow Conquest: Administrative Integration of Malwa into the Maratha Empire, 1720—1760». Modern Asian Studies. 11 (1): 1–40. ISSN 0026-749X 
  92. a b Baldaro, Edoardo (2021). «Rashomon in the Sahel: Conflict dynamics of security regionalism». Security Dialogue. 52 (3): 266–283. ISSN 0967-0106 
  93. Balcer, Jack Martin (1994). «Herodotus, the 'Early State,' and Lydia». Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 43 (2): 246–249. ISSN 0018-2311 
  94. Buttrey, Theodore V. (1967). «Central America Under the Mexican Empire, 1822-1823». Museum Notes (American Numismatic Society). 13: 231–250. ISSN 0145-1413 
  95. Pruonto, David (2012). «Did the Second Mexican Empire under Maximilian of Habsburg (1864–1867) have an 'Austrian Face'?». Austrian Studies. 20: 96–111. ISSN 1350-7532. doi:10.5699/austrianstudies.20.2012.0096 
  96. a b c Jr, K. Lawson Younger (2016). A Political History of the Arameans: From Their Origins to the End of Their Polities (em inglês). [S.l.]: SBL Press. 150 páginas. ISBN 978-1-62837-084-3 
  97. a b Chang, Yusuf (1988). «The Ming Empire: Patron of Islam in China and Southeast-West Asia». Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 61 (2 (255)): 1–44. ISSN 0126-7353 
  98. a b Hammers, Roslyn Lee (2015). «"Khubilai Khan Hunting": Tribute to the Great Khan». Artibus Asiae. 75 (1): 5–44. ISSN 0004-3648 
  99. Narain, A. K. (1965). «Alexander and India». Greece & Rome. 12 (2): 155–165. ISSN 0017-3835 
  100. Dukes, Paul; Hiden, John W. (1979). «Towards an Historical Comparison of Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia in the 1930s». New Zealand Slavonic Journal (1): 45–77. ISSN 0028-8683 
  101. Ghori, Karamatullah Khan (1964). «Nepal and Its Neighbours». Pakistan Horizon. 17 (4): 368–384. ISSN 0030-980X 
  102. a b c «Neo-Assyrian». The Art Institute of Chicago (em inglês). Consultado em 19 de maio de 2025 
  103. Sasson, Jack M. (1966). «A Sketch of North Syrian Economic Relations in the Middle Bronze Age». Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 9 (3): 161–181. ISSN 0022-4995. doi:10.2307/3595941 
  104. Scheel, Roland (2017), Scholl, Christian; Gebhardt, Torben R.; Clauß, Jan, eds., «Byzantium – Rome – Denmark – Iceland: Dealing with Imperial Concepts in the North», ISBN 978-3-631-66219-9, Peter Lang AG, Transcultural Approaches to the Concept of Imperial Rule in the Middle Ages, pp. 245–294, consultado em 14 de março de 2025 
  105. Mattingly, Harold B. (1961). «The Athenian Coinage Decree». Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 10 (2): 148–188. ISSN 0018-2311 
  106. El-Ashban, Abdul Aziz (1979). «The Formation of the Omani Trading Empire under the Ya'aribah Dynasty (1624-1719)». Arab Studies Quarterly. 1 (4): 354–371. ISSN 0271-3519 
  107. Nickel, Helmut (1973). «The Dawn of Chivalry». The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. 32 (5): 150–152. ISSN 0026-1521. doi:10.2307/3269236 
  108. Davies, Siriol; Davis, Jack L. (2007). «Greeks, Venice, and the Ottoman Empire». Hesperia Supplements. 40: 25–31. ISSN 1064-1173 
  109. Monroe, J. Cameron (2011). «Urbanism on West Africa's Slave Coast: Archaeology sheds new light on cities in the era of the Atlantic slave trade». American Scientist. 99 (5): 400–409. ISSN 0003-0996 
  110. Aung-Thwin, Michael (1985), «The Decline of Pagan», ISBN 978-0-8248-0960-7, University of Hawai'i Press, Pagan, The Origins of Modern Burma, pp. 182–199, consultado em 14 de março de 2025 
  111. Laha, Monalisa (2015). «Some Selected Buddhist Monastries as Centres of Learning of the Pala Period». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 76: 141–149. ISSN 2249-1937 
  112. Bergstein, Mary (2016). «Palmyra and Palmyra: Look On These Stones, Ye Mighty, And Despair». Arion: A Journal of Humanities and the Classics. 24 (2): 13–38. ISSN 0095-5809. doi:10.2307/arion.24.2.0013 
  113. Toumanoff, Cyril (1959). «INTRODUCTION TO CHRISTIAN CAUCASIAN HISTORY The Formative Centuries (IVth-VIIIth)». Traditio. 15: 1–106. ISSN 0362-1529 
  114. Johnson, Carl Garth (2002). «"Ogis" 98 and the Divinization of the Ptolemies». Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 51 (1): 112–116. ISSN 0018-2311 
  115. Fisher, Christopher T.; Cohen, Anna S.; Solinis-Casparius, Rodrigo; Pezzutti, Florencia L.; Bush, Jason; Forest, Marion; Torvinen, Andrea (2019). «A Typology of Ancient Purépecha (Tarascan) Architecture from Angamuco, Michoacán, Mexico». Latin American Antiquity. 30 (3): 510–528. ISSN 1045-6635 
  116. Relación de Michoacán, complete text (em castelhano)
  117. Biran, Michal (2013). «Unearthing the Liao Dynasty's Relations with the Muslim World: Migrations, Diplomacy, Commerce, and Mutual Perceptions». Journal of Song-Yuan Studies. 43: 221–251. ISSN 1059-3152 
  118. Zhao, Gang (2006). «Reinventing China: Imperial Qing Ideology and the Rise of Modern Chinese National Identity in the Early Twentieth Century». Modern China. 32 (1): 3–30. ISSN 0097-7004 
  119. Hirshfield, Claire; Hirschfield, C. (1968). «The Struggle for the Mekong Banks 1892-1896». Journal of Southeast Asian History. 9 (1): 25–52. ISSN 0217-7811 
  120. Mudenge, S. I. (1974). «The Role of Foreign Trade in the Rozvi Empire: A Reappraisal». The Journal of African History. 15 (3): 373–391. ISSN 0021-8537 
  121. Grigoriadis, Theocharis N. (2013). «Compromising Islam with Empire: Bureaucracy and Class in Safavid Iran». Iran & the Caucasus. 17 (4): 371–382. ISSN 1609-8498 
  122. Radl, Otto (1944). «Development of Czechoslovak Nationalism». The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 232: 61–70. ISSN 0002-7162 
  123. Peck, Elsie Holmes (1978). «Decorative Arts from Persia». Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts. 56 (3): 185–192. ISSN 0011-9636 
  124. Fischer-Bovet, C. (2015). «Social Unrest and Ethnic Coexistence in Ptolemaic Egypt and the Seleucid Empire». Past & Present (229): 3–45. ISSN 0031-2746 
  125. Beihammer, Alexander D. (2011). «Defection across the Border of Islam and Christianity: Apostasy and Cross-Cultural Interaction in Byzantine-Seljuk Relations». Speculum. 86 (3): 597–651. ISSN 0038-7134 
  126. Hammel, E. A. (1997). «Ethnicity and Politics: Yugoslav Lessons for Home». Anthropology Today. 13 (3): 5–9. ISSN 0268-540X. doi:10.2307/2783131 
  127. Singh, Kanika (2014). «History Paintings in Sikh Museums». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 75: 1377–1382. ISSN 2249-1937 
  128. Sebestyen, Victor (2010). Revolution 1989: the fall of the Soviet Empire 1st ed. New York, N.Y: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-307-38792-9 
  129. Keep, John L H (22 de agosto de 2002). A History of the Soviet Union 1945–1991: Last of the Empires (em inglês). [S.l.]: Oxford University PressNew York, NY. ISBN 978-0-19-280319-1. doi:10.1093/oso/9780192803191.001.0001 
  130. Hosking, Geoffrey (3 de março de 2021), Bang, Peter Fibiger; Bayly, C. A.; Scheidel, Walter, eds., «The Soviet Union», ISBN 978-0-19-753276-8 1st ed. , Oxford University PressNew York, The Oxford World History of Empire (em inglês), pp. 1187–1216, doi:10.1093/oso/9780197532768.003.0043, consultado em 12 de dezembro de 2025 
  131. Raffass, Tania (14 de junho de 2012). The Soviet Union - Federation or Empire? (em inglês). [S.l.]: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-29644-4. doi:10.4324/9780203115756 
  132. Gokmen, Gunes; Vermeulen, Wessel N.; Vézina, Pierre-Louis (2020). «The imperial roots of global trade». Journal of Economic Growth. 25 (1): 87–145. ISSN 1381-4338 
  133. Khan, Iqtidar Alam (1983). «AHMADNAGAR AND THE SUR EMPIRE, 1537 to 1553- A STUDY OF CONTEMPORARY DOCUMENTS». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 44: 176–188. ISSN 2249-1937 
  134. Murray, John J. (1944). «Scania and the End of the Northern Alliance (1716)». The Journal of Modern History. 16 (2): 81–92. ISSN 0022-2801 
  135. Hoffmann, Helmut H. R. (1970). «Tibetan Historiography and the Approach of the Tibetans to History». Journal of Asian History. 4 (2): 169–177. ISSN 0021-910X 
  136. Halperin, Charles J. (2000). «The Missing Golden Horde Chronicles and Historiography in the Mongol Empire». Mongolian Studies. 23: 1–15. ISSN 0190-3667 
  137. Healan, Dan M. (1993). «Local versus Non-Local Obsidian Exchange at Tula and Its Implications for Post-Formative Mesoamerica». World Archaeology. 24 (3): 449–466. ISSN 0043-8243 
  138. Māhina, 'Okusitino (1993). «The Poetics of Tongan Traditional History, "Tala-ē-fonua": An Ecology-Centred Concept of Culture and History». The Journal of Pacific History. 28 (1): 109–121. ISSN 0022-3344 
  139. Ọlọruntimẹhin, B. Ọlatunji (1968). «Resistance Movements in the Tukulor Empire». Cahiers d'Études Africaines. 8 (29): 123–143. ISSN 0008-0055 
  140. Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2016). «The Imaginal Bond of "Empire" and "Civilization" in Eurasian History». Verge: Studies in Global Asias. 2 (2): 84–114. ISSN 2373-5058. doi:10.5749/vergstudglobasia.2.2.0084 
  141. Chieu, Vu Ngu (1986). «The Other Side of the 1945 Vietnamese Revolution: The Empire of Viet-Nam (March-August 1945)». The Journal of Asian Studies. 45 (2): 293–328. ISSN 0021-9118. doi:10.2307/2055845 
  142. Tung, Tiffiny A.; Knudson, Kelly J. (2010). «Childhood Lost: Abductions, Sacrifice, and Trophy Heads of Children in the Wari Empire of the Ancient Andes». Latin American Antiquity. 21 (1): 44–66. ISSN 1045-6635 
  143. Mfum-Mensah, Obed (2025), «Framing "Organized Infantilism" and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa», ISBN 978-1-80539-843-1 1st ed. , Berghahn Books, Colonial Intervention and Destabilization of African Identities, Contours of Trusteeship and Organized Infantilism in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1, pp. 34–47, consultado em 15 de março de 2025 
  144. Bhargava, Piyush (2011). «Western Chalukya Temple Architecture "the Kalyani Chalukyan Style"». Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 72: 1523–1524. ISSN 2249-1937 
  145. Lai Pik, Chan (2011). «JADE SPIDERS AND PRAYING MANTISES OF THE WESTERN ZHOU DYNASTY: Reconstructing an Ancient Cultural Mindset». Ars Orientalis. 41: 165–185. ISSN 0571-1371